Senior6 min read

Choosing senior subjects: what actually matters

The advice at the school gate is mostly wrong. Here is what genuinely matters when your child picks Year 11 and 12 subjects.

Written by a practising Australian teacher·SubjectMate

Somewhere in Year 10, you and your child have to make a decision that feels enormous.

And it's usually made on bad information. Subject selection produces more myth per square metre than anything else in Australian schooling.

Here's what actually holds up.

The scaling myth

You'll be told certain subjects scale well and your child should take them regardless.

That advice has wrecked more results than it's rescued. And you don't have to take my word for it, because the people who actually run the scaling say the same thing.

UAC calculates the ATAR in NSW. Their published advice to students is that course choices should be based on interests, demonstrated abilities and what's useful for future career plans. Not on what anyone believes the effects of scaling will be.

That's not a tutoring company's opinion. That's the organisation doing the scaling telling families to stop picking subjects around it.

Their explanation of why is worth understanding. The whole principle of scaling is that your child should end up neither advantaged nor disadvantaged by taking one combination of courses over another. It exists to make the comparison fair. It doesn't exist to reward certain subjects.

So it adjusts for how strong the cohort in a subject is. What it can't do is hand marks to a kid who's drowning.

A student who takes a heavily scaled subject and lands in the bottom third of it does worse than the same student who took something they're good at and finished near the top.

Scaling adjusts your child's mark. It doesn't rescue it.

The Drama students who got 99.95

UAC makes this point with a fact that should end the argument in most kitchens.

In a recent year, more than one student who studied Drama finished with an ATAR of 99.95. That's the highest number the system produces.

They didn't get there by loading up on subjects that were supposed to scale well. They got there because they did brilliantly in Drama and in everything else they took, because those subjects suited them.

UAC's position is that just about any combination of courses can lead to a good ATAR. What decides it is how well your child does compared with everyone else.

One more, while we're here, because it comes up at every barbecue: the school your child attends doesn't feature in the ATAR calculation at all.

So what does scaling deserve?

A thought. Not a strategy.

Among subjects your child can genuinely do well in, it's a reasonable tiebreaker. Beyond that, it's a distraction from the thing that actually moves the number, which is how well they do.

Prerequisites are the actual trap

Scaling decisions are recoverable. Prerequisites aren't.

If your child wants engineering and doesn't take the required maths, that door shuts in Year 10. Two years before they knew they wanted to walk through it.

Some universities offer bridging courses. Some don't. Some courses assume knowledge without formally requiring it, which is worse, because your child gets in and then struggles through first year.

So check the prerequisites for anything they've mentioned. Even vaguely. Even once.

Check them on the university's own site, in the year of selection, because they change. It's probably the highest value hour you'll spend in Year 10.

Interest isn’t the soft option

Parents treat interest as the sentimental factor and results as the practical one. It's backwards.

Year 12 is 18 months of sustained effort.

A kid who finds their subject interesting reads around it, thinks about it in the shower, does the extra question without being asked. A kid who chose strategically and hates it does the minimum and resents every hour.

Over 18 months that difference is worth more than any scaling adjustment.

Interest isn't a luxury. It's the fuel.

The load nobody counts

Look at the shape of the assessment, not just the content.

4 subjects with major projects due the same fortnight is a completely different year from 4 subjects assessed mostly by exam. Some kids thrive on continuous assessment. Some fall apart.

Count the practicals, the performances, the excursions, the field work. Every one has hours attached that don't show up on the timetable.

Don’t underrate English

English is compulsory in every state. It's the only subject every student sits.

That makes it the subject where extra effort has the most reliable return.

Families routinely underweight it, because writing ability feels fixed. It isn't. Essay structure, textual analysis and exam technique are learnable, and most students get taught them once and are expected to absorb them.

It also follows from what UAC says. If your child's ATAR depends on how well they do across everything they take, and English is the one subject they can't drop, then it's the safest place to put effort.

SubjectMate covers Year 11 and Year 12 English against your state's syllabus, and it's available the night before the assessment rather than next Tuesday at 4pm.

How to have the conversation

Ask your child what they'd still want to study if the ATAR didn't exist.

Then ask what they're actually good at.

Then check the prerequisites.

Where those three overlap is your answer, and it's usually clearer than the anxiety suggests.

Then let it be their decision. A kid who chose their own subjects owns the year. A kid whose parents chose has a ready made excuse for every hard week.

Common questions

Should my child choose subjects that scale well?
Only among subjects they can genuinely do well in. Scaling adjusts a mark but doesn't rescue it. A student in the bottom third of a heavily scaled subject does worse than the same student near the top of a subject that suits them.
What matters most when choosing senior subjects?
Prerequisites. Scaling decisions are recoverable, but a missing prerequisite can close a university course 2 years before your child knows they want it. Check them on the university's own site in the year of selection.

References

  1. Universities Admissions Centre (UAC). ATAR myths busted. https://uac.edu.au/media-centre/news/atar-myths-busted
  2. Universities Admissions Centre (UAC). 5 facts about scaling. https://uac.edu.au/media-centre/news/5-facts-about-scaling

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